The Bosniaks and the Challenges of Modernity: Late Ottoman and Hapsburg Times

alim appointed Arabic Austria-Hungary Austrian Austro Austro-Hungarian autonomiju Azapagić Balkans Bosne Bosni i Hercegovini Bosnia and Hercegovina Bosnian language Bosnian Muslims Bosnian ulama challenges of modernity Christian civil dar al-harb dar al-Islam decades economic efendi established Europe European culture fatwa Fikret Karčić Hapsburg Monarchy Hapsburg rule hidjra Hilmi History Hungarian Ibid Imperial institutions intellectual Islamic law issue Istanbul Janissaries kaḍis khilafa land lims madjlis Mahmud Mahmud II Mekteb-i nuwwab mektebs ment migration Mostar mufti mufti of Sarajevo Muhamed Muslim communal Muslim world Muslimana Mustafa Imamović nation non-Muslim army non-Muslim rule occupation of Bosnia officers organization Orthodox Ottoman Empire Pan-Islamism Pasha political položaj i unutrašnji Pravni položaj province ra'is al-'ulama rebels Sandjak Sarajevo schools Serbian Serbs shaikh al-Islam Shari'a courts Shari'a judges South Slav Sultan Svjetlost tanzimat territory timar tion translation Travnik Turkish ulama unutrašnji politički razvitak wakf wakf and educational wali wilayet