The Biogeochemistry of the Amazon BasinMichael E. McClain, Reynaldo Victoria, Jeffrey E. Richey Oxford University Press, 2001 M11 8 - 384 pages With a complex assemblage of largely intact ecosystems that support the earth's greatest diversity of life, the Amazon basin is a focal point of international scientific interest. And, as development and colonization schemes transform the landscape in increasing measure, scientists from around the world are directing attention to questions of regional and global significance. Some of these qustions are: What are the fluxes of greenhouse gases across the atmospheric interface of ecosystems? How mush carbon is stored in the biomass and soils of the basin? How are elements from the land transferred to the basin's surface waters? What is the sum of elements transferred from land to ocean, and what is its marine "fate"? This book of original chapters by experts in chemical and biological oceanography, tropical agronomy and biology, and the atmospheric sciences will address these and other important questions, with the aim of synthesizing the current knowledge of biochemical processes operating within and between the various ecosystems in the Amazon basin. |
From inside the book
Results 1-5 of 77
Page 9
... estimated to store more than 120 Pg ( 1015g ) of reduced carbon , of which 34 % is held in soils and 66 % is held in ... estimates are likely to improve as more data are collected and better techniques of extrapola- tion are developed ...
... estimated to store more than 120 Pg ( 1015g ) of reduced carbon , of which 34 % is held in soils and 66 % is held in ... estimates are likely to improve as more data are collected and better techniques of extrapola- tion are developed ...
Page 11
... estimated at 117 Tg C yr , of which only 24 % is remineralized in the lakes . As a result , an estimated 90 Tg C yr1 are delivered to the river system by continual and seasonal exchanges . This input alone amounts to more than twice the ...
... estimated at 117 Tg C yr , of which only 24 % is remineralized in the lakes . As a result , an estimated 90 Tg C yr1 are delivered to the river system by continual and seasonal exchanges . This input alone amounts to more than twice the ...
Page 26
... / La Niña , if the main discharge is reduced during El Niño years , then so would tributary discharge be reduced . Conversely , Precipitation ( mm / yr ) Table 2.1 Various estimates. 26 Jose A. Marengo and Carlos A. Nobre.
... / La Niña , if the main discharge is reduced during El Niño years , then so would tributary discharge be reduced . Conversely , Precipitation ( mm / yr ) Table 2.1 Various estimates. 26 Jose A. Marengo and Carlos A. Nobre.
Page 27
... estimates of the annual water budget of the Amazon basin . Source : Matsumyama 1992 , Marengo et al . 1994 , Costa and Foley 1999 . Table 2.3 Deforestation rates in Brazilian Amazonia ( km2 /. the opposite effect would prevail during La ...
... estimates of the annual water budget of the Amazon basin . Source : Matsumyama 1992 , Marengo et al . 1994 , Costa and Foley 1999 . Table 2.3 Deforestation rates in Brazilian Amazonia ( km2 /. the opposite effect would prevail during La ...
Page 28
... estimated as 5.5 x 1012 m3 yr - 1 , from Oltman ( 1967 ) ; and evapotranspiration was estimated by the Penman method as 6.4 x 1012 m3 yr1 . The latter is in good agreement with the dif- ference between precipitation and river dis ...
... estimated as 5.5 x 1012 m3 yr - 1 , from Oltman ( 1967 ) ; and evapotranspiration was estimated by the Penman method as 6.4 x 1012 m3 yr1 . The latter is in good agreement with the dif- ference between precipitation and river dis ...
Contents
3 | |
17 | |
3 The Atmospheric Component of Biogeochemical Cycles in the Amazon Basin | 42 |
4 Soil versus Biological Controls on Nutrient Cycling in Terra Firme Forests | 53 |
5 Nutrient Cycling as a Function of Landscape and Biotic Characteristics in the Cerrados of Central Brazil | 68 |
6 Linking Biogeochemical Cycles to Cattle Pasture Management and Sustainability in The Amazon Basin | 84 |
7 Nutrient Considerations in the Use of Silviculture for Land Development and Rehabilitation in the Amazon | 106 |
8 Extractive Reserves and Participatory Research as Factors in the Biogeochemistry of the Amazon Basin | 122 |
11 Carbon Storage in Biomass and Soils | 165 |
12 Terrestrial Inputs to Amazon Streams and Internal Biogeochemical Processing | 185 |
13 Geoecological Controls on Elemental Fluxes in Communities of Higher Plants in Amazonian floodplains | 209 |
14 Biogeochemistry of Amazon Floodplain Lakes and Associated Wetlands | 235 |
15 Organic Matter and Nutrients in the Mainstem Amazon River | 275 |
16 Trace Elements in the Mainstem Amazon River | 307 |
Changes in Dissolved and Particulate Fluxes During RiverOcean Mixing | 328 |
Index | 359 |
9 The Recovery of Biomass Nutrient Stocks and DeepSoil Functions in Secondary Forests | 139 |
10 The Interface Between Economics and Nutrient Cycling in Amazon Land Development | 156 |
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The Biogeochemistry of the Amazon Basin Michael E. McClain,Reynaldo Victoria,Jeffrey E. Richey Limited preview - 2001 |
Common terms and phrases
aboveground aerosol Amazon basin Amazon floodplain lakes Amazon River Amazon shelf Amazonia aquatic atmosphere biogenic Biogeochemical Cycles Biogeochemistry biomass Brazil Brazilian Amazon catchment central Amazon cerrado chemical climate composition concentrations Cuevas deforestation DeMaster Devol dissolved dry season dynamics Ecology ecosystems elements emissions estimated extractive reserves extractivist Fearnside fertility flood floodplain flux Forsberg Furch global groundwater herbaceous hydrological igapó increase inputs J. E. Richey Journal km² Lake Calado land Lesack Limnology litter macrophytes mainstem Manaus Marengo mineral mol d-¹ Negro River Nepstad nitrogen Nobre nutrient cycling Óbidos organic carbon organic matter Oxisols oxygen Pará Paragominas particulate pasture periphyton phosphorus Piedade plant plantations primary production processes rain forest rainfall rates recycling region Rio Negro riverine root seabed secondary forest sediments soil Solimões species stream studies surface Table terrestrial tion trees tributaries tropical forests uptake várzea vegetation yr¹ µmol