II. Regimen Verborum.

§ 1. PERSONALIUM.

REG. I.

II. The Government of Verbs.

§1. OF PERSONAL VERBS. RULE I.

22 SUM quoties possessio- SUM, when it signifies Pos

nem, proprietatem aut offici-session, Property or Duty, gov

um significat, regit Geniti-erns

the Genitive; as,

vum; ut,

* Est + Regis punire rebelles.

It belongs to the King to punish Rebels.

Insipientis *est dicere, non
putâram.

It is the property of a Fool to

say, I had not thought.

†Militum *est suo duci pa

rere.

It is the Duty of Soldiers to obey their General.

23 Excipiuntur hi Nominati-These Nominatives meum,

vi, Meum, tuum, suum, nos-tuum, suum, nostrum,

trum, vestrum; ut,

†Tuum *est id procurare. REG. II.

24 *MISEREOR, miseresco et satago regunt Genitivum; ut

*Miserere tcivium tuorum. *Satăgit frerum suarum.

ves

trum, are excepted; as,
It is your Duty to manage that.

RULE II.

MISEREOR, miserescoand satăgo govern the Genitive : as,

Take pity on your Countrymen.
He hath his hands full at home.

What need is there of Words? Ovid. Nunc viribus usus, Now there is need of Strength, Virg. But it is to be remarked that these are Substantive Nouns, the very same with Opus, operis, a Work, and Usus, usus, Use; and have the Ablative after them, because of the Preposition IN, which is understood. Sometimes Opus is an Adjective indeclinable; as, Dux nobis opus est, We stand in need of a Leader. It is elegantly joined with the Participle Perfect; as, Consulto, maturato, invento, facto, &c. opus est, We must advise, make haste, find out, do, &c.

Num. 23. To these last may be added Possessive Nouns, such as, Regium, humānum, belluinum, and the like; as, Humanum est errare, It is incident to man to err.

NOTE, That to all these are understood Officium, opus, negotium, or some other Word to be gathered from the Sentence; as, Me Pompeii totum esse scis, You know that I am wholly Pompey's, or in Pompey's Interest, Cic. i. e. amicum, fautorem, or the like.

REG III.

RURE III.

EST pro habeo regit Dativum EST taken for habeo (to 25

personæ; ut,

* Est mihi liber.

*Sunt mihi libri.

REG. IV.

have) governs the Dative of a Person; as,

I have a Book.

I have Books.

RULE IV.

SUM pro affero regit duos SUM taken for affero (to 26

Dativos, unum personæ, alte-bring) governs two Datives,

rum rei; ut,

*Est mihi †voluptati.

REG. V.

the one of a Person, and the other of a Thing; as,

It is (brings) a Pleasure to

me.

RULE V.

VERBUM significans com- A VERB signifying Advan-27

modum vel incommodum regittage or Disadvantage governs

Dativum; ut,

Fortuna *favet fortibus.

†Nemini †noceas.

the Dative; as,

Fortune favours the Brave.

Do Hurt to no Man.

Num. 25. This is more elegant than Habeo librum, or habeo libros.

So Desum is used elegantly for Careo; as, Desunt mihi libri, for Careo libris, I want Books.

Num. 26. NOTE, That other Verbs, such as, Do, duco, verto, tribuo, habeo, relinquo, &c. may have two Datives; as, Hoc tibi laudi datur, You are praised for this. Nè mihi vitio vertas, Do not blame me.

To this may be referred such Expressions as these, Est mihi nomen Joanni, My Name is John; which is more elegant than Est mihi nomen Joannes or Joannis.

Num. 27. This is a very general Rule, and (when we signify a Thing to be acquired to any Person or Thing) almost common to all Verbs. But in a more particular Manner are comprehended under it,

Verbs signifying

1. Το PROFIT or HURT; as, Commodo, proficio, placeo, consuto; Noceo, officio. But Lado and offendo govern the Accus.

2. To FAVOUR, to HELP, and their Contraries; as, Faveo, annuo, arrideo, assentior, adstipulor, gratulor, ignosco, indulgeo, parco, adulor, plaudo, blandior, lenocinor, palpor, studeo, supplico, &c. Also Auxilior, adminiculor, subvenio, succurro, patrocinor, medeor: Also Derogo, detraho, invideo, &c. But Juvo has the Accus.

REG. VI.

RULE VI.

28 VERBUM activè significans A VERB signifying actively

regit Accusativum; ut,

*Ama + Deum.

*Reverêre tharentes.

29 Recordor, memini, reminis

Verbs signifying

governs the Accusative; as,
Love God.

Reverence your Parents.
Recordor, memini, reminiscor

cor et obliviscor regunt Accu-and obliviscor govern the Acc. sativum vel Genitivum ; ut, or Gen. as,

*Recordor lectionis vel †lec- I remember my Lesson. tionem.

*Obliviscor tinjuria vel in- I forget an Injury. juriam.

3. TO COMMAND, OBEY or RESIST; as, Impěro, præcipio, mando : Pareo, servio, obedio, obsèquor, obtempero, moremgěro, morigěror, famulor: Pugno, repugno, certo, obsto, reluctor, renītor, resisto, adversor, refrāgor, &c. But Jubeo governs the Accus.

4. Το THREATEN. or be ANGRY with; as, Minor, indignor, irascor, succenseo.

5. Το TRUST; as, Fido, confido, credo.

6. Verbs compounded with SATIS, BENE and MALE; Satisfacio, benefacio, benedico, malefacio, maledico. 7. SUM with its Compounds, except possum.

8. Verbs compounded with these ten PREPOSITIONS; Ad, ante, con, in, inter, ob, post, pra, sub and super: as, 1. Adsto, accumbo, acquiesco, assideo, adhæreo, admoveo. 2. Antecello, anteeo, anteverto. 3. Consono, commisceo, condono, commorior, 4, Illūdo, immorior, inhæreo, insideo, inhio, innītor, invigilo, incumbo. 5. Interpōno, intervenio, intersero. 6. Obrēpo, obtrecto, occumbo. 7. Postpōno, posthabeo. 8. Praeo, præstat for excellit, praluceo. 9. Succedo, submitto, subjicio. 10. Supersto, supervenio.

NOTE 1. That TO the Sign of the Dative, is frequently un

derstood.

NOTE 2. That TO is not always the Sign of the Dative, for 1. Verbs of Local Motion; as, Eo, venio, proficiscor: And 2. these Verbs Provoco, voco, invito, hortor, specto, pertinco, attineo, and such like, have the Accusative with the Preposition ad.

Num. 28. NoTE, That Neuter and Intransitive Verbs have sometimes an Accusative after them. 1. Of their own or the like Signification; as, Vivere vitam, Gaudēre gaudium, Sitire sanguinem, Olere hircum. 2. When taken in a Metaphorical Sense; as, Ardebat Alexin, i, e. Vehementer amabat.

VERBA activa alium, una Active VERBS governing cum Accusativo, casum re-another Case together with

gentia.

the Accusative.

§1. VERBA accusandi, 1. VERBS of Accusing, 30 damnandi et absolvendi, cum Condemning and Acquitting, Accusativo personæ, regunt with the Accusative of the Peretiam Genitivum criminis; ut, son, govern also the Genitive

no.

of the Crime; as,

* Arguit tme †† furti. He accuses me of Theft. †Meipsum ††inertia *condem- I condemn myself of Lazi

ness.

*Illum thomicidii *absolvunt. They acquit him of Man

slaughter.

2. Verba comparandi, dandi, 2. VERBS of Comparing, 31 narrandi et auferendi, regunt Giving, Declaring and Taking Accusativum cum Dativo; ut, away, govern the Accusative with the Dative; as,

Num. 30. 1. Verbs of ACCUSING are, Accuso, ago, appello, arcesso, arguo, alligo, astringo, defěro, incuso, insimulo, postulo, &c. 2. Verbs of CONDEMNING are Damno, condemno, convinco, &c.

&c.

3. Verbs of ABSOLVING are Solvo, absolvo, liběro, purgo,

NOTE 1. That the Genitive may be changed into the Ablative, either with or without a Preposition; as, Purgo te hac culpa, or de hac culpâ, I clear you of this Fault. Eum de vi condemnavit, He found him guilty of a Riot, Cic.

NOTE 2. That the Genitive, properly speaking, is governed by some Ablative understood, such as, Crimine, pæna, actione, causa; as, accusare furti, i. e. Crimine furti. Condemnare capitis, i. e. pæna capitis.

NOTE 3. That Crimine, pana, actione, capite, morte, scarcely admit of a Preposition.

Num. 31. 1. To Verbs of COMPARING belong also Verbs of preferring or postponing.

2. To Verbs of GIVING belong Verbs of Receiving, promising, paying, sending, bringing.

3. To Verbs of DECLARING belong Verbs of Explaining, shewing, denying, &c.

4. Verbs of TAKING away are Aufero, adimo, cripio, eximo, demo, surripio, detraho, tollo, excutio, extorqueo, arceo, defendo, &c.

*Compăro Virgilium ++Ho- I compare Virgil to Homer.

mēro.

+Suum
cuique *tribuito.
*Narras + fabulam ††surdo.

* Eripuit †me ††morti.

Give every Man his own.
You tell a Story to a deaf
Man.

He rescued me from Death.

32 § 3 VERBA rogandi et do- 3. VERBS of Asking and cendi duos admittunt Accu-Teaching admit of two Accusasativos, priorem personæ, tives, the first of a Person, and posteriorem rei; ut,

*Posce + Deum ttveniam.
*Docuit †me ++ Grammaticam.

the second of a Thing; as,
Beg pardon of God.
He taught me Grammar.

ΑΝΝΟΤΑΤΙΟ.

33 § Quorum activa duos Casus, The Passives of such Active regunt, eorum Passiva pos-Verbs as govern two Cases, do teriorem retinent; ut,

*Accusor furti.

still retain the last of them; as,

I am accused of Theft.

Virgilius *comparatur + Ho- Virgil is compared to Homer.

mero.

*Doceor Grammaticam.

REG. VII.

34 § PRETIUM rei a quovis

I am taught Grammar.
RULE VII.

THE Price of a Thing is

Verbo in Ablativoregitur; ut, governed in the Abl. by any

Verb; as,

NOTE 1. That many of these Verbs govern the Dative by

Num. 27.

NOTE 2. That innumerable other Verbs may have the Accusative, with the Dative, when together with the Thing done is also signified the Person or Thing to, or for whom it is done; as, Doce mihi filium, Teach me my Son; Cura mihi hanc rem, Take care of this Affair for me.

NOTE 2. That Compăro, confero, compōno, have frequently the Ablative with cum.

Num. 32. NOTE 1. That among the Verbs that govern two Accusatives, are to be reckoned the following:

1. CELO; as, Cela hanc rem uxorem, Conceal this from your Wife, Plaut. But we can say also, Celo te de hac re, and Celo tibi hanc rem.

2. Verbs of CLOTHING; as, Induit se calceos, He put on his Shoes. But these have more commonly the Ablative of the