J.-K. Huysmans and the Fin-de-siècle Novel

actually aesthetic appears artistic attempt become bourgeois c'est called Catholic century certain chapter character Christian claims commentators conception course create critics d'une dans death decadent described dream Durtal effect Esseintes Esseintes's example existence experience expression fact femme fiction figure final Flaubert forces France function Gilles give Goncourt human Huysmans images imagination Là-bas language later less letters literary literature living Lourdes magic manner material matter means ménage metaphors moral mystical naturalist nature nineteenth-century notes novel object observes offers painting perhaps phrase physical poem position presented Prins produce prose prostitution rade reader reality rebours references remarks route Sainte seems seen sense sexual simply social sort spiritual suggest symbolic tion tout turn writing Zola Zola's