pursue the study of divinity with success. 5. The election shall be certified to the warden, in writing, attested by the signature of the examiners. 6. Each Van Mildert Scholarship shall be tenable for two years, provided the scholar shall during that time keep his terms and pursue his studies in the University of Durham as a student in theology. 7. The warden shall have authority to dispense with the keeping of one term during the two years. 8. If a Van Mildert scholar shall, without such dispensation, fail to keep any one term, as a student in theology, or if, under any circumstances, he shall fail to keep any two terms as a student in theology, during the two years, the warden shall declare the scholarship vacant, and direct the examiners to proceed to a new election. 9. In such cases the scholar shall receive only such portion of the proceeds of the scholarship as may be due for the terms which he has kept. The residue which may be occasioned, either by this or any other circumstances, shall be either laid out in prizes for those who distinguish themselves at their final examination in theology, or applied in any such other manner as the warden and senate may think most conducive to the interests of the University. 10. No Van Mildert scholar shall receive the proceeds of the scholarship, unless he produces a certificate from the tutor of good conduct and attention to his studies. 11. The University shall have the power to alter or amend these regulations from time to time, provided that the Van Mildert Scholarships shall always be applied to the encouragement of theological learning in the University."

GISBORNE SCHOLARSHIP. This scholarship was founded in 1841, by the Rev. Thomas Gisborne, M.A., canon of Durham, who, at the period just mentioned, placed at the disposal of the dean and chapter £500 for the benefit of the University, and the capitular body having determined that the sum should be applied to the foundation of a scholarship, a grace was passed in convocation, on December 22nd, 1841, for adding to this sum £100, previously given by Mr. Gisborne to the University, and for founding a scholarship of the annual value of £30, to be known by the name of the Gisborne Scholarship. At the same time power was given to the warden and senate to make regulations for the Gisborne Scholarship. It is tenable for two years.

THORP SCHOLARSHIP. - This scholarship was founded in Easter term, 1843, in consequence of the executors of the late Robert Thorp, Esq., having offered to the University a sum of £120 for its foundation. It is of the value of £21, and is filled up annually on the nomination of the warden.

NEWBY SCHOLARSHIP. - This scholarship was founded by convocation on October 31st, 1848, in conformity with the wishes of the pupils and friends of the late Rev. George Newby, who subscribed funds for its establishment. The following are the regulations for this scholarship, viz.:-"1. The Newby Scholarship shall be open to all undergraduates who are not yet qualified to present themselves for the final examination for the degree of B.A., and to all persons not yet admitted to be students in the University. 2. Every candidate must produce to the warden satisfactory testimonials of character before he can be admitted to examination. 3. Unless examiners are specially appointed by the warden and senate, the examiners for the first and second examination in arts shall be examiners for the Newby Scholarship. The examination shall be exclusively classical. 4. The Newby Scholarship shall be tenable until the scholar is of standing to present himself for the final examination for the degree of B.A., provided the scholar during that time keep his terms and pursue his studies in the University."

LINDSAY SCHOLARSHIP.-Ralph Lindsay, Esq., has founded a scholarship, of the annual value of £10, tenable for four years by natives of the Diocese of Durham, who shall have been educated for three years at the Grammar School at Durham.

BARRY SCHOLARSHIP. James Barry, Esq., late of the city of Durham, who died November 4th, 1847, by his last will, devised to certain trustees therein named, such part of his effects, as should enable them to invest in their names in some of the parliamentary or public stocks or funds of this kingdom, such a sum as would produce an annual dividend of £30, for the establishment of a Divinity Scholarship in the University of Durham. The right of election to this scholarship is vested in the Dean of Durham, or in case of his absence such one of the canons of the Cathedral as he shall name in his stead, the canon of the Cathedral in residence, the warden of the University, the professor of divinity, and the professor or reader in Hebrew. The scholarship, which is of the value of £30 per annum, is tenable for one year only, and the candidates must be undergraduate students who have been pursuing their studies in the University as divinity students during three successive terms then next preceding the time of election. It is requisite that candidates should produce to the electors satisfactory testimonials of good conduct and studious habits, signed by the divinity professor, the senior tutor to the house or college to which the student shall belong, and the proctors of the University. The candidates are required to deliver to the electors three weeks at least before the day of election, one or more essay or essays, either on the Liturgy of the Church of England, or on such part thereof, or on such one or more of the Articles of the Church of England as the professor of divinity shall appoint. The electors, or any three of them, having appointed some day in the month of May in each year for the election, are to meet in the chapel of the University, and cause the authors of the two essays, which the said electors, or any three or more of them which the said electors shall declare to be the best, to be read by the respective authors openly and audibly: and for the encouragement of elocution as well as composition, they are to adjudge the scholarship to the candidate who has read his essay in the best

manner.

ELLERTON SCHOLARSHIP. This scholarship was founded in February, 1818, by the Rev. Edward Ellerton, D.D., Fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford. It is open to the natives of the north riding of the county of York, with a preference to a candidate educated at Richmond Grammar School, and is tenable in ordinary cases for three years. We subjoin the regulations for this scholarship. "1. The Ellerton Scholarship shall, in ordinary cases, be elected by the warden and senate in the Michaelmas term of each year. 2. Each candidate, before he is admitted to examination, must submit to the warden testimonials of character and certificates to show that he possesses the qualifications specified in the deed of foundation. 3. The examination for admission to the scholarship shall be conducted by two or more examiners, to be nominated by the warden. The examiners, being furnished with a list of the candidates, shall make to the warden and senate a report of the proficiency of each. 4. The Ellerton scholar will be required to keep his terus, and pursue his studies in the University as a student in arts. 5. The warden shall have authority to dispense with the keeping of not more than one term of residence in the course of two years; and not more than two terms of residence in the course of three years. 6. In such cases the scholar shall receive only such portions of the proceeds of the scholarship as may be due for the terms which he has kept. The residue which may arise either from this cause, or from any other circumstance, shall be added from time to time to increase the value of the scholarship. 7. The University shall have power to alter and amend these regulations from time to time, consistently with the deed of foundation."

SCHOOL SCHOLARSHIP. A subscription has been set on foot and several sums have been already contributed by former and present members of Durham Grammar School, towards the foundation of a scholarship.

PRIZES.-Prizes of various kinds have been given from time to time by the University and its friends, which have been devoted to encourage proficiency in the various arts and sciences. The foundation of a permanent Prize Fund has also been laid by several liberal donations.

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE. This college was formed, at the opening of the University, for the purpose rpose of uniting a system of domestic discipline and superintendence with academical instruction. Several houses, conveniently situated in the neighbourhood of the castle, were thrown together and divided into rooms for the reception of students. Since the castle has been held in trust for the University by the Bishop of Durham, much additional accommo dation for students has been obtained within its walls. The hall of the castle has been occupied as a college hall, and its chapel as a college chapel. Every student in statu pupillari must reside. within the College, unless a dispensation to reside elsewhere be granted by the warden; and thus the control under which the students are placed is similar to that which is exercised in the colleges of Oxford and Cambridge. College examinations, independent of those appointed by the University, are held at the end of every term.

BISHOP HATFIELD'S HALL.-A convenient site and premises having been purchased by the warden and senate, this hall was opened in October, 1816, for the reception of students in any faculty; and a new building was added to it in October, 1819. Members of the hall are classed under the various professors and tutors, according to their qualifications and attainments; and in this respect, as also in their being eligible to all fellowships and scholarships, with the exception of the Pemberton foundation, are exactly on the same footing as members of University College. In the management of this hall, the greatest regard is paid to economy.

BISHOP COSIN'S HALL. This hall was opened in October, 1851. Premises conveniently situated, and already in the possession of the University, were fitted up at once for the reception of students in any faculty. The arrangements in this hall are the same as in Bishop Hatfield's hall, and its members are eligible to fellowships and scholarships.

NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. This college was founded in 1851, and was admitted into connection with the University at a convocation holden on the 27th January, 1852. Students in medicine, who desire to avail themselves of this connection, are matriculated into the University, and may proceed, in the first place, to a license in medicine, and subsequently to the degrees of bachelor and doctor in the same faculty. One year's residence in the University, and attendance on appointed lectures, are required preparatory to an examination in the rudiments of religion, literature, and science. In order to obtain a license in medicine, students who pass the above examination must afterwards pursue their studies at this college for three years, and may then present themselves for the final examination in

medicine, which is directed to the medical sciences, and is conducted by the University. The Winter Session commences on the 1st of October, and the Summer Session on the 1st of May, in every year. Students, who are members of the University, are subject to the same discipline as collegiate students of the University. Students within the schools are under the control of the president and council. Matriculated students are eligible to scholarships in the University. Two exhibitions have been founded, each amounting to £15 per annum, and tenable for two years. They are awarded by examination, and are open to all students of the college. Students of the college have daily access to extensive libraries in the college and infirmary. The museums of anatomy, pathology, and materia medica, and the laboratories, are open daily.

NEVILLE HALL, NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. This hall was opened by the University in October, 1852, for the reception of students in medicine. Special leave may be given in certain cases, by the warden of the University, for students in medicine to reside elsewhere. Other students, who must conform to the regulations of the hall, may be received in it as residents. The hall is under the general charge of the resident principal.

THE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY.-The University Library was founded on the opening of the University. The books consist principally of donations from various members and friends of the University. Bishop Van Mildert contributed, with many costly and useful works, a splendid collection of the Benedictine Fathers; and many other friends of the University have contributed liberally to the library. A fund for maintaining and increasing the library is raised by a tax on the members of the University, out of which useful books are purchased from time to time. The library is open daily, during term, from twelve to one o'clock; and, during the vacations, on Mondays and Wednesdays, at the same hour. The University library is under the direction of a board of curators. Books may be taken from the library by the members of the University, under regulations fixed by the curators. The books are chiefly deposited in an oaken gallery, erected in Bishop Cosin's library, on the Palace Green, at the sole expense of the late munificent Bishop Van Mildert.

THE MUSEUM.-Soon after the University was founded, the Rev. Thomas Gisborne, canon of Durham, purchased and presented to the University a valuable collection of objects of natural history. These have been deposited in a commodious building, fitted up for the purpose, on the banks of the river Wear, and have since received several valuable additions, by donations from the members of the University and others. The museum, which is open to the public, now contains nearly a complete collection of British birds, and is under the direction of a board of curators.

THE OBSERVATORY. In the year 1839, an opportunity occurred of securing a valuable collection of astronomical instruments, including a transit instrument, a telescope of above eight feet focal length, by Fraunhofer, and a clock, by Hardy. A liberal subscription was made among the members and friends of the University, and the instruments were purchased to furnish an observatory. An eligible site was obtained upon elevated ground belonging to the dean and chapter of Durham, to the south-west of the city, upon which the building is erected. The observer resides at the observatory, and observations are regularly made. The Duke of Northumberland, in 1846, made an important addition to the instruments, by presenting an excellent refracting telescope. The observatory is placed under the direction of a board of curators. HOODS-INSIGNIA OF DEGREES. -The following hoods are adopted by the University of Durham: B.A., black silk or bombazine, lined with white wool; M.A., black, lined with palatinate purple; B.D., entirely black; D D., scarlet lined with palatinate purple. For the University regulations, &c., see the University Calendar, published annually.

OFFICERS OF THE UNIVERSITY.-Visitor: the Lord Bishop of Durham. Governors: the Dean and Chapter of Durham. Warden: the Ven. Charles Thorpe, D.D., F.R.S. Sub-Warden: Rev. John Edwards, M.A. Senate: the Warden; the Professors of Divinity, Greek, and Mathematics. Professor of Divinity and Ecclesiastical History: Rev. Henry Jenkyns, D.D. Professor of Greek and Classical Literature: Rev. John Edwards, M.A. Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy: Rev. Temple Chevallier B.D. Proctors: Rev. Charles Thomas Whitley, M.A.; Rev Joseph Waite, M.A. Pro-Proctors: Rev. James J. Hornby, M.A.; Rev. Robert H. Blakey, M.A. Tutors: Rev. Joseph Waite, M.Α.; Rev. Jas. J. Hornby, M.A.; Rev. Edward Parry, B.A.; Rev. John Pedder, M.A. Reader in Law: William Gray, M.A. Reader in Medicine: Dennis Embleton, M.D., F.R.C.S. Reader in Hebrew: Rev. Temple Chevallier, B.D. Reader in History ard Polite Literature: Thomas Greenwood, M.A. Reader in Natural Philosophy: Rev Charles T. Whitley, M. A. Lecturer in Chemistry: James F. W. Johnson, Hon. M. A., F. R.S. Registrar: Rev. Temple Chevallier, B.D. Librarian: Rev. Charles T. Whitley, M.A. Sub-Librarian: Rev. Robert H Blakey, M.A. Observer: George Rümker, Esq. Treasurer: W. C. Chaytor, Esq. Auditor of the University Accounts: William Lloyd Wharton, M.A.

PUBLIC SCHOOLS.

THE GRAMMAR SCHOOL, situated at the southern end of South-street, is a handsome stone building, in the Tudor style; on its western side is attached the residence of the head master, and, at a short distance, a separate and commodious dwelling has been erected for the second master. This school is in connection with the Cathedral, and its establishment is almost coeval with that of the church itself. Previous to the suppression of the religious houses, the Monastery of Durham possessed two schools; one was situated in the cloister, where novices were taught by the ablest and most learned of the monks; the other was in the infirmary, beyond the abbey gates, where the boys of the almery were educated. On the extinction of these seminaries at the dissolution, Henry VIII. appointed commissioners " to set out dwelling houses, for the master and usher of the new Grammar School;" and, by the 28th chapter of the school statutes, it is ordained, "that there shall be constantly maintained cighteen poor boys of apt parts, whose friends are not able to give them education, but not to be admitted until they have learned to read and write, and, in the dean's judgment, are sufficiently grounded in the first rudiments of grammar; after admission, to be maintained by the church, until they completely understand grammar, and can read and write Latin, for which they shall be allowed four years, or, with the dean's assent, five at most; none shall be admitted above fifteen years of age. The choristers shall not be limited to that age, but may be admitted scholars if they are fit; in case they have proved themselves particularly serviceable to the choir, and skilful in music, they are to be preferred before others." During the parliamentary wars, this school was suffered to fall into decay, or, according to some writers, was destroyed by the Scots in 1640. After the Restoration, it was re-founded by the dean and chapter, under whose patronage the course of instruction continued to be exercised in the building on the Palace Green until 1844, when the present school-house was provided by the liberality of the capitular body. The head master is to be "learned in the Greek and Latin languages, of good fame, sound faith, and pious life; and, besides the