Indicators of Genotoxic Exposure

7-MeGua acid aflatoxin agents Albertini alkylating agents alkylation analysis animals antibodies assay binding biochemical biological Cancer Res carcinogenesis carcinogens Carrano chemical carcinogens Chinese hamster chromosome aberrations cigarette smokers cloning compounds concentration correlation cryopreserved cytogenetic detection determined DNA adducts DNA damage DNA repair DNA synthesis dose effects elution environmental enzyme ethylene ethylene oxide Evans exposed exposure extracts fetal Figure fluorescence fraction genetic genotoxic germ cells germinal mutation globin guanine hemoglobin hepatocytes HGPRT human sperm increase individual induced labeled laboratory lesions levels locus lymphocytes mammalian metabolites method methyl methanesulfonate methylated mg/kg mice micronuclei Mirsalis monitoring mouse muta mutagenesis mutagens mutation rate Natl NDMA normal nuclei PBLs peripheral blood populations potency protein purine quantitative Rajewsky response risk samples SCE frequency sensitive sister chromatid exchange somatic cells SORSA specific spontaneous studies Table techniques tion tissue toxicity treated tumors urine variants vitro vivo