14. quickeneth, giveth life to; see on Bk. 1, p. 13, 1. 24.

faith and manners, doctrine and morality. Unless the Scripture is to remain a dead letter there must be a love of truth and of duty, and a predisposition to believe and to obey.

21. seals to the covenant, For the expression, cf. p. 108, 1. 10. By the Christian Sacraments of Baptism and the Holy Communion God sets His seal to the compact which He has made with men, that He will save and bless them if they are righteous.

the visible word, i.e. an outward ratification of the promises contained in the word, i.e. the Scriptures. Cf. The Articles of the English Church, 25 and 27. "Sacraments ordained of Christ be certain sure witnesses, effectual signs of God's good will toward us"; and, "by baptism the promises, of the forgiveness of sins, and of our adoption to be the sons of God, are visibly signed and sealed." For the literal meaning of the word 'sacrament,' see on p. 66, 1. 9.

Sacrifices are called 'visible

22. the law, the Jewish law. prayers or confessions,' because the offering of a sacrifice is a visible sign of a man's belief in and adoration of God.

24. but now, etc. Christianity substituted a spiritual and true worship for a ceremonial and figurative one. p. 43, 1. 3. The expression the calves of the offering of prayers, instead of animal sacrifices, is Jewish prophet Hosea, xiv. 2.

26. holy vows, cf. p. 127, § 14.

See on Bk. 1, lips,' i.e. the taken from the

27. sealed, i.e. confirmed or ratified. Similarly, Hooker says, "The vows we have made unto God are laws which we tie ourselves unto."

29. the franchises, p. 3, 1. 13. Hooker used the words 'Ecclesiastical Polity' rather than 'Government' as the title of his book, "the rather, because the name of government, as commonly men understand it in ordinary speech, doth not comprise the largeness of that whereunto in this question it is applied. Government expresses the exercise of superiority in rulers' : Polity contains both government and also whatsoever besides belongeth to the ordering of the Church in public'... 'a form of ordering the public spiritual affairs of the Church of God.'

32. how they stand, etc. The student will recollect that the limits of the authority of the sovereign in spiritual and ecclesiastical matters were the subject of dispute in Bacon's time.

36. the privative, the negation.

Page 180, line 6. your Majesty, etc. Bacon is referring to the King's treatise on Daemonology.

8. Samuel, see p. 72, 1. 5. The reference is to 1 Sam. xv. 23.

The identity of witchcraft and idolatry is evident from this, that the two terms are used to signify the same offence.

22. occupate, occupied.

27. I could not, etc. In the De Aug. it is, "I could not be true to myself or my subject if I had not made up my mind to add as much as I could to the discoveries of others; at the same time, I desire equally that my discoveries should be surpassed by posterity."

32. to preoccupate, to prejudice. It is the exact equivalent of 'to prepossess.' With this passage, cf. p. 47, § 4.

Page 181, line 4. For question, etc. It is an insult to truth to question it. On the other hand, to argue about an untruth is to pay it an honour, which it does not deserve; for to argue a point is to admit that it is doubtful. In the De Aug. he adds

Meanwhile I am reminded of the sarcastic answer of Themistocles to one who came as an ambassador from a small town, and used big words; Friend, (he said) your words require a city. Certainly, I think, it may be very fairly urged against me that my words require an age-a whole age, perhaps, to prove them, and many ages to accomplish what I require. Still, since even the greatest things are due to their beginnings, I am content to have sowed seed for posterity and eternal God; and I humbly entreat Him, in the name of His Son our Saviour, graciously to accept these and the like offerings of the intellect, which are sprinkled with religion as with salt, and which are offered to His Glory."

7. challenge, cf. Bk. 1, p. 10, 1. 12.

8. as the fat, It was specially ordered by the Jewish law that the fat of the victim should be offered in all sacrifices.

9. incensed, burnt.

THE NEW WORLD OF SCIENCES,

OR

DEFICIENCIES NOTED BY BACON.

THE ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING.

2. A history of letters.
3. A history of extraor-
dinary phenomena in
nature.

5. A history of arts.
2. A history of prophecy.

2. A first philosophy.
5. Metaphysic of forms.
3. Magic.

An inventory of pos-
sessions.

A catalogue of experi-
ments.

5. A continuation of natu-
ral problems.

A list of popular errors.
The opinions of ancient
philosophers.

2. Physiognomy of
body in motion.

De Augmentis.

A preliminary Natural History for the new method. A philosophy of the ancient myths.

A sound astronomy and astrology.

the A treatise on the
ultimate perfec-
tions of human
nature.
The prolongation of
life.

4. Medical reports.
5. Comparative anatomy.
6. On the treatment of

diseases pronounced
incurable.

7. On mitigating the pains
of death.

8. A record of medicines
found effectual in
certain cases.

9. The imitation of natural

springs.

10 The physician's clue.

399

6. On the use of reason in The fountains of

INDEX TO THE NOTES.

[The references are to the pages of this volume.]